JOCHI ULUS: TRADITIONS AND LIFE (BASED ON DATA FROM EUROPEAN TRAVELERS)

Abstract

In the four-thousand-year history of the Kazakh people and the three-thousand-year statehood, the history of the Ulus of Zhuchi, covering more than six centuries, occupies a special place.
Many political, international, historical, economic and cultural events have taken place at this junction of time and space. The processes of influence and integration of one nation with another have been implemented. The objects of these changes were primarily the language, religion, language, lifestyle, customs and traditions of the people.
In the course of the study, the above-mentioned determining factors of the peoples of the Saka, Hunnic, Uisin, Kanlin, Turkic eras were studied, as well as political and historical events that took place in the Middle Ages, modern times and in modern times, and despite the strong influence of internal and external factors, they remained unchanged. This shows the strength of the inner spirit and national education of the people, passed down from generation to generation.
Our conclusions can be confirmed by the writings of foreign travelers such as Marco Polo, Plano Carpini, Benedict Polak, Guillaume de Rubruk, Josaphat Barbaro, who came to Kazakhstan for various reasons in the Middle Ages. It is clear that the way of life and traditions reflected in the works of foreign travelers of different periods are embedded and remain unchanged in the inner nature of the modern Kazakh people.